Isolation, characterisation and identification of lactobacilli focusing mainly on cheeses and other dairy products

نویسندگان

  • Valérie Coeuret
  • Ségolène Dubernet
  • Marion Bernardeau
  • Micheline Gueguen
  • Jean Vernoux
  • Valérie COEURET
  • Ségolène DUBERNET
  • Marion BERNARDEAU
  • Micheline GUEGUEN
  • Jean Paul VERNOUX
چکیده

During the last fifteen years, the Lactobacillus genus has evolved and contains to date more than 80 species. They are present in raw milk and dairy products such as cheeses, yoghurts and fermented milks. Quality assurance programmes associated with research, development, production and validation of the health or technological benefits of these bacteria require their relevant isolation, counting and identification. This review presents the different selective media to isolate lactobacilli, and the numerous different available tools to characterise lactobacilli at genus, species or strain level using either culture-dependent methods: phenotypical, molecular or global methods, or using new culture-independent advanced molecular methods. Enzymes used for PFGE, hybridisation probes and PCR-based method primers are listed in seven tables. In conclusion, the main advantages and disadvantages associated with these techniques are presented. Lactobacillus / media / PFGE restriction enzyme / probe / primer / cheese / dairy product Résumé – Isolement, caractérisation et identification des lactobacilles des produits laitiers. Durant les quinze dernières années, le genre Lactobacillus a subi de nombreux remaniements et compte actuellement plus de 80 espèces. Les lactobacilles sont présents dans le lait cru, les produits laitiers tels que les fromages, les yaourts et les laits fermentés. Pour s’inscrire dans une démarche qualité visant au développement de lactobacilles à effet santé ou d’intérêt technologique, l’isolement, le comptage et la caractérisation parfaite de ces bactéries sont nécessaires. Cette analyse bibliographique présente les différents milieux sélectifs pour isoler les lactobacilles, ainsi que les outils disponibles à ce jour pour caractériser les lactobacilles au niveau du genre, de l’espèce ou de la souche, aussi bien par des méthodes culture dépendantes : phénotypique, moléculaire, globale, que par les nouvelles méthodes se réalisant à partir d’échantillons bruts. Les enzymes utilisées en PFGE, les sondes d’hybridation et les oligonucléotides utilisés pour les différentes techniques de PCR sont répertoriés en sept tableaux. En conclusion, les avantages et inconvénients de ces techniques sont présentés. Lactobacillus / milieu sélectif / enzyme PFGE / sonde moléculaire / amorce PCR / fromage / produit laitier * Correspondence and reprints E-mail: [email protected] 270 V. Coeuret et al.

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تاریخ انتشار 2016